Lymphoma is a type of cancer affecting the lymphatic system, which is part of the immune system. Lymphoma occurs when lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, grow and multiply uncontrollably.
These abnormal cells can form tumors, spreading to other parts of the body. There are two types: Hodgkin’s lymphoma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is the more common form, but includes many subtypes.
Common Symptoms:
We have blog topics delving into the various types of lymphoma - such as what they are, the symptoms, how they are treated, and advice for living with the condition. You can find them below.
Lymphoma is a form of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, which is part of the body's germ-fighting network. It primarily affects lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that helps the body fight infection. There are two main types of lymphoma: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), each with different characteristics and treatment approaches.
Symptoms of lymphoma can vary but often include swelling of the lymph nodes (in the neck, armpits, or groin) that is usually painless, fever, night sweats, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and itching. Some people may also experience coughing, difficulty breathing, or chest pain if the lymphoma affects lymph nodes in the chest.
Diagnosis of lymphoma typically involves a physical examination to check for swollen lymph nodes, blood tests to look for signs of lymphoma, imaging tests (such as CT or PET scans) to identify the location and extent of lymphoma, and a biopsy of lymph node or affected tissue to determine the specific type of lymphoma and its aggressiveness.
The exact cause of lymphoma is not known. It occurs when lymphocytes develop genetic mutations that cause the cells to grow and multiply uncontrollably. Certain factors may increase the risk of developing lymphoma, including age, immune system deficiencies or disorders, exposure to certain chemicals or radiation, and infection with specific viruses or bacteria, such as HIV or Epstein-Barr virus.
Treatment for lymphoma depends on the type, stage, and aggressiveness of the disease, as well as the patient's overall health. Common treatment options include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and in some cases, stem cell transplantation. The treatment plan is tailored to each patient to achieve the best possible outcome and manage side effects.